Tendulkar's half century came in 47 balls and included six fours.
Jayasuriya gave the breakthrough for the hosts, when Dravid misread a slower delivery to hole out a catch to Dilshan. Dravid's 56-ball innings included two fours and a six.
Dhoni, who came in next, kept up the run flow. Tendulkar's ton came in 33rd over and included eight fours. But with the century came cramps and Dravid had to return to the field, this time as a runner for Tendulkar.
Tendulkar stitched a 110-run partnership with Dhoni, who after making a 62-ball 56 was being caught by Kandamby in the 37th over.
Tendulkar then joined forces with Yuvraj Singh (56 not out) before the Indian batting maestro was trapped lbw by Ajantha Mendis. His scintillating innings was studded with 10 fours and a six.
Sri Lanka started in a blazing fashion with Dilshan and Jayasuriya scoring 64 in 47 balls.
They clubbed the pacers all over the park and Dhoni was forced to bring Harbhajan within 10 overs.
The off-spinner responded to the call and struck twice. He first bowled Dilshan in the seventh over and then caught and bowled Mahela Jayawerdene in the next over.
Kumar Sangakkara scored 33, but was hit wicket in a bizarre fashion as his bat slipped away from his hand, flipped in the air over his shoulder and hit the stumps.
Thilan Thusara and Angello Mathews did not last long, but Kandamby and Kapugedera kept Sri Lanka in the reckoning.
Yusuf Pathan dropped a dolly when Kandamby was on 37. He got two more lives in two run out chances blown away by Yuvraj Singh and skipper Dhoni, who had a bad day in office and also missed an opprttunity to stump Sangakkara earlier.
India's fumble in the field continued, till Harbhajan came and bailed them out.
Tendulkar, who knocked 211 runs in the tournament, was declared the man of the math and the man of the series.